Apparatus for producing gas and coke in alternately-working watergas generators



A. BREISIG APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING GAS AND COKE IN `ALTERNA'ATELIY WORKING WATER GAS GENERATORS Filed May`4, 1926 Nov. 13, 1928. I 1,691,636

Patented Nov. 13, 1928.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ALBERT IBREISIG, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

APPARATUS FOB IPROIDUCING GAS AND COKE IN ALTERNATELY-WORKING WATER- GAS GENERATORS.

Application filed May 4, 1926, Serial No. 106,742, and in Austria May 7, 1925.

eected without interfering with the generation of the gas.

The consideration on which the invention.

is based was the following: Coke which is in the form of pieces and not caked together, on being deposited, that is to say on settling freely itself, has the tendency of forming heaps the sides of which have a certain inclination or gradient of slope, the angle of this slope depending upon the friction co-V eicient 4(co-factor) of the pieces of coke. The pieces lying in the plane of the slope are in a state of unstable equilibrium and very weak forces are sufficient for causing these pieces to roll downward, for instance gas or air flowing along the slope or throu'gh the material. If such forces act continuously, the pieces of coke will roll down until the material is heaped at an angle or slope smaller than the said natural angle. As soon as the material has acquired the new equilibrium the action of the gases sweeping along the coke will not be suiiicient any more for initiating the rolling movement of the pieces. y

In accordance with the present invention the generator is made so that the power of the air draught employed in the usu'al operation ofsuch generators or that of the blow gas produced in the apparatus can be utilized for removing the coke in the described manner. For this purpose on the point where the coke is to beremoved from the generator, the possibility must be given to the coke of forming a slope.- This is attained by enlarging the crosssection of the generator at the said place. Such an enlargement on the junction between the distillation chamber on the one hand and of the gasifying or coke chamber on the other hand exists already in most of the generators producing the mixture of gas above indicated. From the space of the said junction transversal channels for the escaping of the blow gas are branched on', and in order to bring aboutthe removal of coke by the action of the draught, said out-let channels have in accordance withl the present Further features of the invention will bev set out with reference tothe drawing which,

by 'way of example, illustrates a generator for producing mixed gas, constructed and working in accordance with the invention'. In the'sectional elevation showing the generator the distillation chamber' is designated by l and the gasifying chamber by 2. The diameter of the latter is larger than that of the distillation chamber, so that the coke sinking down from the distillation chamber forms a -slope atthe junction of said two chambers. The slope 3 contines together with the mantle and the top of the gasifying chamber the channel 4. From the latter the transversal channels 5 are' branched off, which during the blowing period allow the escape of the blow gases. These gases may for instance pass thereafter around the chamber 4l and then escape through the flue 6. From ythe channel 5 a receiver 14 'is branched off the bottom 15 of which is detachable. The bottoni of the channels 5 is slanting outwardly and arranged insuch manner that the edge 7 formed by the bottom of the channel and the mantle of the lower part of the generator lies in the plane of the slope 3 or only slightly outside of it. 8 is a flap, which may be turned from outside, for instance by nieansof the handle 9 and can be iXcd in any position. In the position as shown on the left-hand side of the drawing this hap is lyin in the plane of the bottom of the channel a id therefore does not constitute a hindrance to the coke sliding down the bottom of the channel. Then fixed in the upright position (right-hand side of the drawing) this 'i'lap S will obstruct thesliding movement of the coke until the material amassed on the bottom of the channel will have reached the height of the upper edge ther material to slide down.

of the flap. 10 is a bracket extending into the distillation chamber for the purpose of causing the coke to break into pieces when arriving at its edge. For the same purpose a roller 11 may be employed which on its periphery is provided with rails working as breakingmeans. By a gear 12 having a click and ratchet wheel the roller is rotated at a slow speed.

The generator works as follows: The air blown in at 13 passes through the incandescent coke contained in the gasifying chamber whereby blow gas is produced, which is.

collected by the channel 4 and escapes through the transversal channels 5. The speed of the draught will be the highest at the point where the gases are passing over froln the channel 4 into the channel 5. AIn this place the piecesof coke lying in the slope will be swept by a vigorous stream of gas whereby they are brought to slide down along the bottom of the channel directly into the receiver 14, provided that the flap 8 is in its positionas shown on the lefthand side of the drawing. This sliding down movement of the coke will during the period of the blowing go on until the receiver 14 will be filled and the slope of the coke amassed within the channel and the receiver will acquire the direction as indicated by the dot and dash line A-B. If the coke has settled up to this slope, the draught will not be able any more of causing fur- .If a further removal of cokc is desired, the receiver has to be evacuated by| opening its bottom 15, whereafter the described procedure will set in again..

VIf the generated coke is caked together it has to be broken when passing from thechannel 4 to the channel 5 and according to the degree of the raking either the bracket 10 may be suliicient which, when the caked mass is pressed against its edge will crumble it, or else the breaking roller-11 has to be employed. From the coke sinking' down from the distillation chamber in the form of a more or less solid or coherent column.

the rails of the roller will break off pieces, which are adapted of settling with the natural slope. Furthermore in the upper port of the outer wall of the receiver an opening 30 may be provided which is normally closed and through which some tool may be introduced for breaking up the coke.

The inclination of the natural slope depends upon the qualities of the coke and consequently may vary in accordance with changes of the material. It therefore may happen that thev edge 7 determining the support of the material may be situated too deep, in which case more coke shouldbe removed as is desirable, or else too high, in which latter case the said edge would inipede the removal by the action of the draughtf To such changes of the qualities of the material the apparatus can be accommodated by altering the position of the |`'flap 8 accordingly.. If the friction co-factor is too high, the flap is laid ,down and kept in the position as shown on theleft-hand side of the drawing. If on the other hand the said friction coefficient is a small one, the flap has to be turned up tothe appropriate height, so that its edge 16 will lie within the plane of the slope formed by the coke when left to itself, or only slightly outside thereof.

The operation of the generator itself is known. The air isblown in at 13, carries the blow gases with it through the channels 5 into therspace surrounding the retort and then escapes into' the chimney 6. When the blowing is stopped, the valves 17 are closed and steam is admitted at 18, into the gasifyj ing chamber containing the incandescent column of coke. The generated gas passes through the coal contained in the distillation chamber and then escapes through the outlet 19.

What I claim is:

1. In a combined coking retort and -gas generator comprising an enlarged lower part and transversal channels branching off from the junction of the upper and the lower part and constituting the out-let for the blow gases the inclination kof the bottom of these channels slanting outwardly and the disposition of thebottom edge of the channels .orifice at such height, that it lies approximately in the `plane of the slope naturally formed by the coked material when settling in front of the orilice.

2. A combined coking retort and gas gen'- erator comprising an enlarged lower part, transversal channels for the escape of the blow gases branched off from the junction of the upper and lower part with a bottom slanting outwardly, the edge of which bottom at the orifice of the channel lies in the plane of the natural slope of the coke, and a receiver branched ofi' from the transl versal channels.

3. Afcombined coking retort and gas gen- 'erator comprising an enlarged lower part,

.of the upper and lowerv part with a bottom ysla'nting outwardly; the edge of iNhich bottom at the orice of the channel lies in t-ne plane of the natural slope of the coke and a breaking roller for breaking up the coked material at the entry from the upper part into the lower part,

5. A combined coking retort and gas generator comprising an enlarged lower part, transversal channels for the escape of the blow gases branched `ofi' from the junction of the upper and lower part with a bottom slanting outwardly, the edge of which bot- 6. A combined coking retortand gas generator comprising an enlarged lower part, transversal channels for the escape of Athe blow gases branched off from the junction of the upper and lower part with a bottom slanting outwardly, the edge of' which bottom at the orifice of the channel lies in the plane of the natural slope of the coke, a flap journalled to the bottom of the channelin its plane, the position of which flap is adjust- ALBERT BREISIG. 

